vatican bank

using genomic and computational approaches to investigate genetic programs employ a variety of molecular, cellular, animal, human, and in silico model

2007-05-05T02:14:00.000-07:00

NCER GENETICS
Lewis A. Chodosh
Chodosh Lab | Staff | Publications | Employment
The Chodosh Laboratory | Email Us
The Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute
421 Curie Boulevard
627BRB II/III
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160
Ph: (215) 898-0006
Fax: (215) 573-6725
Directions >

Contacts
• Lewis A. Chodosh
chodosh@mail.med.upenn.edu
(215) 898-1321
• Judith A. Farrell
Administrative Coordinator
jufarrel@mail.med.upenn.edu
(215) 573-3224

Research
The Chodosh laboratory uses genetically engineered mouse models to study the genes and mechanisms that cause breast cancer and that regulate normal mammary gland development. The relationship between mammary development and breast cancer susceptibility is illustrated by the observation that women who have their first child early in life have a significantly lower lifetime risk of developing breast cancer.

Understanding the molecular biology of breast cancer susceptibility requires a thorough understanding of the normal developmental biology of the mammary gland, the mechanisms by which breast cancers arise, and the role played by key regulatory molecules in each of these processes. Current experimental approaches towards these goals in the Chodosh laboratory include:
1. creating genetically engineered mouse models in which specific oncogenic pathways can be inducibly activated or repressed;
2. using inducible animal models to analyze the effect of developmental events on the mammary gland's response to a defined oncogenic stimulus;
3. using inducible animal models to dissect the process of carcinogenesis;
4. defining the molecular and cellular changes that occur in the mammary glands of mice, rats, and humans during stages of development that influence breast cancer risk;
5. using genomic and computational approaches to investigate genetic programs in mammary development and carcinogenesis; and
6. studying the function of three novel serine/threonine kinases in mammary development and carcinogenesis. These approaches employ a variety of molecular, cellular, animal, human, and in silico model systems to study the function of key regulatory molecules in mammary gland biology.

The Chodosh Laboratory is part of Cancer Genomics a core unit of the The Leonard and Madlyn Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute at the Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania. Created in December 1997 with a $100 million pledge from the Abramson Family Foundation, the Cancer Research Institute integrates research, education, and comprehensive patient care at the Abramson Cancer Center

Hillary Rodham Clinton and her globe-traveling law partner and reputed lover, Vincent W. Foster, Jr., were implicated in domestic and overseas money l

2007-04-22T04:49:00.000-07:00

Marc Rich - CIA Rich, The Secret
Accounts, King Of The US Bullets

6-23-2

Note - The following three stories about Marc Rich By Sherman Skolnick are most informative and illuminating...

Marc Rich Is CIA Rich

By Sherman H. Skolnick
skolnick@ameritech.net
Originally published
1-26-1

Some feel old files can be a drag. Whether in original paper form or non-paper form, they take up space. And only old-timers might know how the different files interface with one another.

Besides, a super-duper swindler from yesteryear might have disappeared or never re-appear in the public eye. Specializing in keeping track of big-time crooks, including Judges and top IRS officials, we, as a group, have a repository of some one million documents, files, rare books, films, audio and video tapes, and more. We relish the thought of a big thief somehow showing up again. It makes keeping old files worth the effort.

The problem? The data thus put together might be falsely described as "tall stories". Especially by those who grew up sucking on mass media milk. In other words, in plain talk, college educated know-nothings. Like those who e-mail us questions on what they call "marshall law". Hey, have dictionaries become obsolete?

Starting back in 1954 was a brilliant, high-strung, humor-less speculator. His real name was Marc Reich, but to disguise his foreign-descent past, he called himself Marc Rich. He knew how to trade a cyclone in usual and unusual metals, grains, and other items from the earth's crust. And how to make money and shipments disappear through the dark and tax-neutral and tax-haven hole, such as the Netherland Antilles. Oil embargoes such as against Iran in 1979-80, because of the U.S. hostage mess, did NOT effect HIM.

To preserve his secrets he apparently never fired any of his underlings. Supposedly they were paid even when they did not function well anymore. So the American CIA needed to pay for a domestic or foreign political assassination? No problem. Marc Rich arranged it through smuggled or stolen gold bullion. [A similar CIA gold trader living in a Chicago suburb, was assassinated on the day we fingered him in 1995 on our popular public access Cable TV Program. Mellow with age, John Tarullo, friend and tool of Archbishops, and top FBI and CIA officials, talked too much. As a teen-ager, he was a pilot for Benito Mussolini, the Italian strongman.]

Omitting Marc Rich's espionage role, but otherwise useful for background is the book, "Metal Men- Marc Rich and the 10-Billion-Dollar Scam" by A. Craig Copetas, G.P. Putnam's Sons, N.Y., N.Y., 1985. To write the book, the author became a metal and commodity trader and infiltrated Rich's circle.

Hillary Rodham Clinton and her globe-traveling law partner and reputed lover, Vincent W. Foster, Jr., were implicated in domestic and overseas money laundering. Secretly a top espionage operative long before his short tenure in the Clinton White House, Foster traveled with tell-tale government- rate airfare. He, and Hillary and their crony Webster Hubbell, former Little Rock Mayor and once Acting Arkansas Supreme Court Chief Justice, were strategists for a reputed worldwide spying-on-banks, as against both friend and foe, for Systematics, in the bank computer software services field. Bank computer espionage "trap-doors" were their specialty. We were about the first to finger Systematics, headquartered in Arkansas, and some of their front stooges tried, with no success, to scare us into silence. The National Security Agency, NSA, file on Foster and Systematics linked Hillary, Foster, and others, in many hundreds of pages of documents, but as available to the public, mostly redacted, blanked out to outsiders.

Marc Rich the commodity bandit and "spook" was so interwoven with the White House of George Bush The Elder and later, Bill Clinton, you could not hardly tell whether the White House dirty tricks department was in Washington or Zug, Switzerland, one of Rich's outpposts. To escape being prosecuted, Rich did not return from Zug to face the big-time Federal Criminal music in the 1980s. At the time the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, Rudolph W. Giuliani (later N.Y. city Mayor), wanted to put Rich in jail. A Bush Family confidant, Giuliani nevertheless found out too late that Marc Rich was the American CIA's laundry man and was immune. When Rudy started to run for U.S. Senator from New York against carpetbagger Hillary Clinton, in the year 2000 Election, she was afraid he would mouth off about her and Foster and Marc Rich. So, Hillary's press agents reportedly launched a pre-emptive strike planting details publicly of Giuliani's marital troubles. And so, Rudy side-stepped the whole mess and the Election, by divulging what he must have already known, that he was ill with cancer.

The book author described him, "Marc Rich, the man whom the United States Justice Department privately called the most corrupt corporate executive in America". ["Metal Men", page 13.] After he took refuge in his Switzerland offices, the oil-soaked monopoly press, protective of high-level swindlers, agreed to be mostly silent. By 1990, Rich was a key player in the huge, mostly unpublicized Russian ruble affair, an attack by the American CIA and worldwide banks fronting for them, against the Soviet currency which led to the downfall of the Moscow government. The result was the dissolution of the Soviet Union into fighting-with-each-other provinces, each a fiefdom for mineral exploitation and speculation, Marc Rich's specialty.

Another George Bush The Elder/American CIA darling was a fellow originally from Wisconsin, Leo Emil Wanta. He played a key role in the attack on the Russian ruble to topple the Moscow gang. A CIA-friendly author, the late Claire Sterling wrote a book, a form of mixed and mixed up report on Wanta. "Thieves' World- The Threat of the New Global Network of Organized Crime", Simon & Shuster, N.Y., N.Y., 1994. As she described it, "The fact that scarecely anyone outside Russia has heard of the Great Ruble Scam may be explained partly by its seemingly unbelievable details, but partly, too, by Western reluctance to touch exquisitely sensitive political nerves." (Page 177.)

To protect the CIA, Sterling has a picture of Wanta in the book under which she has the unfair and not balanced description "Leo Wanta, the American snake-oil salesman who stormed world money markets to crash the ruble in 1990-91." She conveniently omits that Wanta's cut of the action has been frozen in Russian banks, some of which were taken over by the Russian underworld, the mafiya,and the funds disappeared when some of the banks collapsed. On the other hand, trillions of rubles were successfully siphoned out of Russia by George Bush the Elder for his personal benefit, some through dope trafficking and weapons smuggling by the Bush Family as secretly authorized by Federal Reserve Commissar Alan Greenspan. [Visit our website series, "Greenspan Aids and Bribes Bush" with attached Federal Reserve secret wire transfers, authorized by Greenspan, to 25 worldwide secret Bush Family accounts to launder such illicit proceeds. One such account, as shown, is jointly with the Queen of England, at the bank she owns, Coutts Bank London.]

An American foreign correspondent based in Italy, Claire Sterling wrote occasionally for the CIA trumpet, the Washington Post. [The suppressed original edition of a book goes into that newspaper's CIA links. Named for Katherine Graham, the long-time straw-boss for the newspaper, "Katherine The Great" by Deborah Davis.]

Not cheated out of his "commission", Marc Rich stayed shut about himself and the American CIA, such as with the George Bush family, including the Elder Bush's sons, Neil, Jeb, and George W. But cheated out of HIS "commission", Leo Wanta talked openly. So, in 1993, when Wanta went to Switzerland, to await the expected arrival of Clinton White House Deputy Counsel Vincent W. Foster, Jr., Wanta fell into a trap. At the behest of Marc Rich, Hillary Clinton, Vince Foster, and Wanta were working on a money laundering deal involving the reputed CIA front under the innocent-sounding name "Children's Defense Fund". Participating behind the scenes was Tommy Thompson, then Wisconsin Governor, and Donna Shalala, once Chancellor of the University of Wisconsin at Madison, and later, head of the Department of Health and Human Services, HHS.{In the alleged "President" George W. Bush administration, Thompson became the HHS successor to her.]

To shut him up, Wanta was grabbed by so-called "authorities" in Switzerland and clapped into a dungeon, he says. Foster never arrived. A short time later, a private "hit" team murdered Foster in or near the Clinton White House and dumped his body next to American Civil War cannons in the memorial Fort Marcy Park, Virginia. The true happening of his demise is recorded on satellite images compiled by the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office, NRO, super-secret satellite bosses. The head of the NRO imaging project, Daniel Potter, was later murdered.

The Foster "hit" team was paid five million dollars of laundered funds reportedly through Marc Rich/George Bush the Elder. [Some background details of the Foster murder are in our website series on "Greenspan Aids and Bribes Bush" Part Four.]

Wanta was brought back to the U.S. on alleged charges of mis-stating 14 thousand dollars in supposed taxes. Who wanted him silenced and jailed? CIA darling Wisconsin Governor Tommy Thompson and his dirty bird crony George Herbert Walker Bush, once head of America's secret political police. Notice the different standards of so-called Justice. Wanta, complaining loudly about the freezing of his "commission" on the Russian ruble scam, has been put in jail, and he says, mis-treated. He says he keeps reporting to his jailers, to no avail, his medical ailments which require attention.

On the other hand, CIA darling/reputed assassination facilitator, Marc Rich, running from Switzerland a worldwide massive CIA proprietary money laundry, is pardoned in the final hours of the stinky Clinton administration. For Bill's benefit, Marc Rich conveyed for use by Hillary and eventually Bill, somewhere between 30 and 100 million dollars. Our sources say it is closer to 30 million dollars. Gold experts and such on their website on 1/24/01 say quoting a knowledgeable source, "The White House provided no reasons for Rich's pardon and I understand that the commodity crowd in New York speculates that Clinton ended up with a minimum of $100 million in his pocket somehow, somewhere as a payoff from Rich for the pardon. No one could corner or manipulate a market better than Mark Rich. I wonder if he has been part of the Gold cartel all this time?" http//www.LeMetropoleCafe.com Website of the Gold Anti-Trust Committee which contends the Federal Reserve and others are in a worldwide cabal that forced down the price of gold below the cost of production in order to save the paper-money gang.

The Marc Rich reputed bribe to the Clintons is parked, escrowed as it is called, at a Caribbean dope-haven money-drop, the former Dutch-possession St. Maartens Island. Owned by current, recently current, and former top IRS officials is an ocean-going money-laundry boat, disguised as a floating gambling casino, that comes and goes from St. Maartens and then crosses the Atlantic to Spain and Portugal. [See a picture of the boat and details in our website series, "IRS Officials Face Exposure".]

Leo Wanta is one of a very few real experts on the Russian mafiya. The Russian underworld bloomed following the downfall of the Moscow government. Former cut-throats of the Soviet secret police, the KGB, were out of work, so they formed a help-themselves situation, becoming or already had been, experts in superior quality countefeit U.S. and other currency, stolen U.S. credit cards, supplying young men and women for prostitution in the U.S. In large cities like Chicago, if you become knowledgeable about all this influx of Russian mafiya to America, and seek to report it to the local office of FBI, guess who gets "investigated"? YOU, not the mafiya. The FBI know the Russians have superior methods and the FBI does not wish to tangle with them. With complete immunity, as we have described in earlier website stories, Cong. Henry Hyde (R., Ill.) reportedly runs a strip joint in an unincorporated area near Chicago. Used are Russian naken women as dancers, brought to America under false pretenses that they are going to work in "offices". All this, in apparent open violation of laws regarding the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, INS. Also, Hyde reportedly keeps no records as required by the State Revenue and the IRS. And, ha! ha! Hyde has become head of the Foreign Relations Committee. [To paraphrase the Old Testament, Tabernacles of Gangsters Prosper, and Those That Curse Heaven Are Secure. A sad and cynical thought that troubles reformers.]

As savvy court observers long have noticed, dirty, corrupt politics are what counts not the law and the facts. Wanta, to fight being framed, had a lawyer working for him that reportedly understood the CIA tricks against those who the spy agency wants to throw away. On the other hand, notice what was said about the Marc Rich pardon by Clinton "Rich's attorneys had ties to the former president Jack Quinn, co-founder of Quinn Gillespie & Associates, was a Clinton White House counsel and a chief of staff to Vice President Gore, and Arnold & Porter has represented the Clinton legal defense fund since it was created in 1998." "Pardon Bypassed Procedures", Washington Post, 1/24/01, page A01.

Wanta has positives, some possible negatives in the viewpoints of some. Although a Wisconsin resident, he has credentials, which appear to be genuine, naming him as an Ambassador to Switzerland from the East Africa nation of Somalia. Such diplomatic authority should have spared him his troubles with Tommy Thompson, etc. Sarcastic folks, however, surmise the credentials could have been covertly arranged by his one-time mentor Bush the Elder through the CIA, to assist in laundering sums through the reputed CIA front, the Children's Defense Fund. Cynics chuckle that Wanta may simply have just bribed someone in Somalia, or elsewhere to be named an ambassador from that nation with their purported rule by a robber baron, military junta. (Really that different from the U.S.?) Against his wish, have Wanta's former cronies kept him in jail, like a number of other CIA covert operatives, as a cheap way to protect him from his enemies, at government expense? Enemies such as George Bush the Elder and his sons.

As part of a cover-up, various high-level persons have an interest to have some CIA operatives no longer useful (most likely including Wanta) discredited and even falsely jailed. In the Russian ruble caper, 1990-91, Federal Reserve Commissar Alan Greenspan and then president Bush the Elder reportedly arranged to siphon off funds of the former Soviet banking system for their personal benefit and that of their cronies. This required getting in bed with the Russian mafiya. Thousands of tons of the Soviet gold treasury disappeared and ended up with top-level Dutch criminals operating as the Algemene Bank Nederland, now called ABN-Amro. Thus enriched has been ABN's American flagship, La Salle National Bank of Chicago which used the purloined gold to set up branches in 15 American cities,gobbling up other banks in the process, secretly paying for them with stolen Soviet gold.

Questions, of which in our various website series we have made partial answers

Q- How many foreign and domestic political assassinations has Marc Rich reportedly arranged and financed, disguised as metals and grain deals? See some of the details previously posted about Rahm Emanuel, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, and the Chicago Board of Trade dirty business. Are these events occurring through the aid of Rahm Emanuel, managing director of Wasserstein Perella & Co.? We think so. And Rahm is reportedly linked to Marc Rich and the Red Chinese Secret Police operating IN THE UNITED STATES.

Q-Does Marc Rich's ex-wife, who reportedly directly contacted Clinton asking for a pardon, and Marc's/her hotshot lawyers have any knowledge of his high-level crimes on behalf of the bloody American CIA? We think so.

Q-Did Bill/Hillary Clinton use Marc Rich to come up with the loot to pay for the private "hit", as mentioned, on their crony Vincent W. Foster, Jr., because Foster was engaging in treason and was imlicating them? Some background "Greenspan Aids and Bribes Bush" part four, our website series.

Q- Is it true that Rahm Emanuel, for six years having been on and off Clinton White House Senior Advisor, has been, in effect, Deputy Director for North America, of the Mossad, Israel's spy agency? And was Rahm an instrumental part of Marc Rich's dirty, bloody business for the American CIA? [Rahm Emanuel went on to become a managing director of Wasserstein Perella & Co., now merged with Germany's Dresdner Bank A.G., all reportedly tied to the Red Chinese Secret Police.]

Q-Is it true that the spy-riddled, oil-soaked monopoly press has suppressed stories, known by them to be true, that Marc Rich has had unholy deals with Bishop Paul Marcinkus, originally from the Chicago-area mafia enclave of Cicero, who went on to become head of the Vatican Bank, linked to the mafia and the American CIA? In numerous items on our website, we discussed Marcinkus' role in dominating the First National Bank of Cicero which to get the stink off themselves have changed their name now several times.

Q-Is Marc Rich, apparently now having bribed Bill/Hillary Clinton to get a presidential pardon, returning to the United States, to assist the American CIA on American soil with money laundering and reportedly facilitating/financing political assassinations, foreign and domestic?

We expect to post more details of Marc Rich is CIA Rich. Stay tuned.

Marc Rich & The Secret Accounts

By Sherman H. Skolnick
skolnick@ameritech.net
Originally Published
1-28-1

Name some espionage organizations. American CIA. Israel's The Mossad. Britain's M1-6. Italy's various secret police agencies. Name some secret Freemason and other secret societies that inflict bombings and political assassinations, to be falsely blamed on to others. Propaganda-Due, P-2, made up of legislators, cabinet ministers, judges, media honchos, and other high-level government officials, in Italy, France, England, and the United States.

Name some P-2 members. George Herbert Walker Bush. Alexander Haig. Henry Kissinger. Bishop Paul Marcinkus, once head of the Vatican Bank. Marcinkus, having fled from Vatican City to escape inquiry and prosecution in Italy, moved back to Chicago in November, 1991, and then on to Sun City, Arizona. Marcinkus has been the dominant force, on behalf of the Giannini Family, in the infamous worldwide money laundry from his original home town, mafia enclave adjacent to Chicago, First National Bank of Cicero. Other P-2 members include former U.S. District Judge from Chicago, Nicholas J. Bua, who was the Special Justice Department Counsel to whitewash Reagan White House complicty in stealing the PROMIS Software in the Inslaw Affair. Some of these are also members of Gladio, similar to P-2, headquartered in Switzerland, of which Marc Rich has been the paymaster.

Other P-2/Gladio members included CIA paymaster Roger D'Onofrio and the Archbishop of Barcelona, Spain, tied to mafia/CIA links to the Vatican Bank, in the smuggling of osmium nuclear bomb triggers, superior quality counterfeit currency, and stolen gold bullion. As reported early in December, 1995, date-lined Rome and Naples, Italy, by Reuters, United Press International, and Associated Press. The D'Onofrio Affair.

Name some rogue banks. Bank of Credit and Commerce International, BCCI. Transit point for tens of billions of dollars of murder and mayhem funds of the espionage agencies, as arranged, in part, through Marc Rich. Banca Nazionale Delavoro, BNL, Italy's largest, owned in part by the Vatican; tied to the George Herbert Walker Bush family, and Hillary Rodham Clinton and her reputed lover/law partner, Vincent W. Foster, Jr., and Iraq weapons scandals, Atlanta and Chicago. First Union, owned in part by the Riady family reportedly trafficking in narcotics and weapons and tied to Lippo Group and Lippo Bank. Wells Fargo Bank, CIA proprietary, arranging funds for covert operations in Pacific Basin area. Bank America, and their unit, Bank of America, transacting covert and illicit funds for Marc Rich, in commodities and currencies, Chicago and elsewhere. Another rogue bank was Nugan Hand Bank, the principals of which either disappeared or were murdered in 1980; taken over by successor and alter ego, Household Bank and Household International. Former Director of Central Intelligence, William Colby, was general counsel of both Nugan Hand Bank and Household International, and was murdered in 1996, as he started to go public with certain misgivings of his past.

Name some celebrities tied to some of the foregoing. Warren Buffet, major owner Wells Fargo Bank and CIA-linked, The Coca-Cola Company. Dope from South-East Asia, "The Golden Triangle", as supervised by General Colin Powell, his confidant Richard Armitage, and their confederates in the George Herbert Walker Bush Family. Richard Cheney, large stockholder of Enron, reportedly orchestrating the California electric mess.

Name some international operatives closely tied to the foregoing. Vincent W. Foster, Jr., law partner and reputed lover of Hillary Rodham Clinton, murdered in 1993. Infamous international money laundry expert in insurance field, the late Hugh Rodham, Sr., father of Hillary Rodham Clinton, close to Gambino Crime Family and originally from Scranton, Pennsylvania. Reputed Deputy Chief of The Mossad for North America, Rahm Emanuel who on and off for six years was Clinton White House Senior Advisor. Rahm went on to become a Managing Director of Wasserstein Perella & Co., reportedly laundering huge funds through the Chicago and New York markets for the Red Chinese and the Red Chinese Secret Police. The Wasserstein Perella & Co. operation has merged with Germany's Dresdner Bank A.G.

Name some of those who reportedly run huge sums through the foregoing. Rahm Emanuel. REFCO-LFG Division Chicago [Richard Friedman & Co.] Warren Buffet and his false public statements that his fortune started with a "department store" in Nebraska.

Name a supervisor, tied to some of the foregoing, of a secret 50 million dollar Federal Agency fund transferred to Little Rock, to cover up the embezzlement of an Arkansas-based Savings & Loan, for which Bill and Hillary Clinton are subject to federal criminal prosecution and jailing for misappropriation of federally-insured thrift funds. As shown by undisputed federal court records, that supervisor has been Rodham Family confidant, John E. Gierum, from the Chicago suburb of Park Ridge, home-town of Hillary Rodham Clinton. Gierum's undisputed confession is in the record of the U.S. District Court in Chicago. [Sherman H. Skolnick and Joseph Andreuccetti, plaintiffs, versus Hillary Rodham Clinton, etc., and John E. Gierum, et al., defendants, U.S. District Court, Chicago, case No. 96 C 4373.]

Name some exchanges where massive covert transactions took place, closely linked to the foregoing. Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Chicago Board of Trade. Chicago Stock Exchange. Chicago Board Options Exchange. Comex, New York.

By way of the foregoing, you have references to realities, not conspiracy theories. To examine a lot more details, visit and read our website, from start to end, just like chapters of a book.

A doorway into understanding all this, begins with sixteen secret accounts, relating to Marc Rich, the espionage agencies, and the persons and entities named :

=== EX 4505 3218 Credit Suisse corrected to EX 4505 9065 3218 Credit Suisse [Switzerland]

=== AL 1946 3078 51 Banco de Espana [see the documents referring also to a bank in Malaga, Spain, in our website series "Greenspan Aids and Bribes Bush Family"]

=== 31002 871653 Belgium Cre Lux [Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, notorious money laundry center]

=== 9517 30013-5-00 Wien ONB [Vienna, Austria].

=== 918762500-10-150 ANB

=== 2577321836550 Vaduz [notorious money laundering center, principality of Liechtenstein, capital being Vaduz; situated between Austria and Switzerland]

=== 328671-11-08-155 Credit Lyon [One of France's largest banks, Credit Lyonnaise. See our story about the alleged Election, and Jeb Bush and Katherine Harris and this bank's Chicago unit account]

=== 4402010-00-08 ANB

=== 3712 0915 67172 AMEX transfer #

=== 714-16782-005-092-0 Cr Lyonnaise

=== 3712 0012 10501 CitiBank

=== 440 40 1213 ANB

=== 440 68 1211 ANB

=== 6100 52 1762 501 Chase Man [Rockefeller Family flagship]

=== 9106 1250 01 086219 Citi Bank

=== 01156 86 7918 4578 01 World Bank

Switzerland and the other countries are permitting illegal transactions on the American markets in Chicago and New York, to unlawfully manipulate currencies and commodities and to enable a worldwide cartel to have falsely kept down the price of gold, aided by Marc Rich. By the way, Colin Powell's crony,Richard Armitage, reportedly played a key role in the massive amounts involved in the Iran-Contra Affair done with the connivance and assistance of Marc Rich.

Some independent journalists are aware of the secret passwords into the mentioned accounts. If you really understand all this, then you see it is natural that some of the foregoing celebrities and entities parked, escrowed, offshore, upwards of one hundred million dollars for the beneficial interest of Hillary Rodham Clinton, in turn, to make it available to her alleged husband William Rockefeller Clinton [as we have pointed out, they are a "CIA couple" and publicly conduct themselves as "married" although incompatible]. These parked funds were to persuade Bill, in the last moments of his presidency, to pardon Marc Rich, headquartered in exile in Zug, Switzerland, by way of protecting the foregoing entities and celebrities from, so far, being subject to U.S. federal criminal prosecution for various crimes linked to the sixteen secret accounts and matters thereto related.

Prior to Bill Clinton becoming President, Marc Rich set up secretly in Switzerland for the future of Clinton's purported daughter Chelsea, at the time she was about 12 years old, a ten million dollar secret account under password Chelsea Jefferson, the term deriving from her first name and Bill's publicly used middle name. [Was Bill her birth father? In the Juanita Broaddrick rape matter, Bill told her not to worry, that he was sterile as a result of having mumps at an early age. So then who is her birth father? For various facial resemblances, some contend her birth father was Webster Hubbell.]

More coming. Stay tuned.

Marc Rich - King Of The US Bullets

By Sherman H. Skolnick
skolnick@ameritech.net
Originally published
2-13-1

How did Marc Rich became virtual dictator of the Red Chinese operation to manufacture, such as on American soil, military and civilian bullets for the United States IN AMERICA? In the 1980s, he escaped from and obstructed U.S. criminal prosecution. He fled to Switzerland, and supposedly gave up his U.S. citizenship.

Making his headquarters in the Canton of Zug, where he became the reigning mogul, he caused vast revenue to drip down, of which they have come to depend on in Zug. Large sums developed from his worldwide trafficking in smuggled gold such as for covert intelligence operations; commodity deals to disguise forbidden shipments of oil, such as "soybeans"; clandestine missile swaps interwoven with supposed metal trading; transmitting bribery loot to secret accounts for corrupt public officials in U.S. and elsewhere; osmium nuclear bomb triggers sold, exchanged, or bartered, on the black market with state-sponsored terrorists, for some other product he needs to peddle or to fill an order, such as material extracted from the earth. He was already an expert at parking bribery funds for public officials, putting them in sleepy places where no questions are to be asked.

Marc Rich, real name Reich, grew up among those who knew and know first hand, and taught him, the intricacies of how to handle secret accounts, such as in clandestine banking havens, like Andorra, tucked away between France and Spain; such as in the Channel Islands between France and Great Britain, a favorite money place for highly corrupt Chicago, New York, and Los Angeles criminal defense lawyers, who like to influence and bribe federal prosecutors; such as Antigua, favorite for bribery money and blackmail funds to influence members of the U.S. House of Representatives and U.S. Senate, like in the BCCI Affair. And other places also.

This done, in part, through major U.S. correspondent banks, like Citibank [owned by a wing of the Rockefeller Family with Saudi surrogates], that have hidden vast illicit funds for Mexican presidents. So they surely have not been squeamish in dealing with the likes of Marc Rich. And the U.S. financial press has given big criminals, like Marc Rich, a pass, for years and years. Just scratching around, if at all, the surface. Who ever mentions that former Mexico President Salinas---he and his brothers and family big in dope loot---somehow became a Director of Dow Jones, parent firm of the Wall Street Journal? Hey, when are THEY going to make Marc Rich a Director of the world's biggest circulation financial news operation, huh? Who do you have to influence [bribe?] to become a director of the firm owning the Wall Street Journal? How much do you have to "park" somewhere?

Marc Rich reportedly helped members of the George Herbert Walker Bush Family commit vast U.S. tax evasions and to commit treason during the Iran/U.S. hostage crisis, 1979-81. Rich has helped Red China, and their Secret Police in the United States, dominate the Chicago markets and hollow out U.S. finance and industry. Beyond mere whispers are the way Rich jointly with the Red Chinese and highly corrupt Israeli elite, reportedly dominate some of Chicago's La Salle Street commodity and currency brokers, such as REFCO-LFG Division [Richard Friedman & Co.] tied to both Bill and Hillary Clinton as well as the Bush Family.[Visit our other website stories.] Rich is a great corrupt influence on foreign exchange trading, called FOREX, such as with Bank of America and Chicago-headquartered Harris Bank. [Visit our website for details of other corruption of the Giannini Family, their Bank of America, and Harris Bank.]

In October, 1980, meeting in a Paris suburb with fully authorized and ratified representatives of the Iranian dictator, the Elder Bush agreed to supply Iran weapons, to be trans-shipped through Israel, for Iran's war with Iraq. To keep high the price of oil, the Rockefellers and the oil-soaked British Royal Family, instigated the war in September, 1980, with Iraq and Iran being major oil pumpers; each sought to destroy the other's oil facilities.

By way of the secret meeting Iran, in turn, agreed to keep the 52 U.S. Embassy hostages until AFTER the 1980 presidential election of the Reagan/Bush ticket. This was for the purpose of making Jimmy Carter running for re-election look like a wimp not being able to get the hostage release. Carter, however, had a plan to get the release in October, just before the election, which would worry Bush. Hence, Bush coined the term "October Surprise". The hostages were released in January, 1981, just at the moment Reagan was safely inaugurated. Marc Rich played a role in all this in that, with impunity, he was allowed to violate the worldwide embargo on Iranian oil. When Reagan/Bush took office, nothing was done to Rich who had brokered some of the weapons deals via Israel to Iran. Rich also handled, for Bush, the millions of dollars given to Iran by Bush as part of the deal. The funds were trans-shipped via a highly corrupt functionary in the financial news industry, Earl Brian [later sent to prison on unrelated charges carefully omitting any of this.]

During the Iranian oil embargo, Marc Rich made hundreds of millions of dollars by treasonously circumventing the U.S.-led restrictions. Rich did this with firms largely owned by the George Bush Family jointly with Richard Cheney and their confederates. Many of Rich's dealings were disguised as soybean and currency trading, on the Chicago Board of Trade and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. Cheney as alleged U.S. Vice President reportedly secretly helps supply Iraq oil exploration and pumping equipment through overseas firms of Cheney/Bush's Halliburton Co., as well as units Dresser-Rand and Ingersoll-Dresser Pump. [The Washington Times, owned by the illicit empire of Rev. Sun Myung Moon, has covered up Rev. Moon's huge money ties to the George Bush Family. Details have been on-line by hard-hitting journalist Robert Parry. http//www.Consortiumnews.com, a version of his print magazines. Also, see the populist newspaper Spotlight, 11/20/00, http//www.spotlight.org].

Splitting hairs, the Elder Bush some time after the treasonous dealings with Iran, told the few reporters that dared ask, "I wasn't in Paris" [NO, just a Paris SUBURB], and immediately contradicting himself, he said "But if I was there, nothing happened." The Israeli aristocracy---not the common people---have been complicit in these treasonous dealings brokered by Marc Rich as a high level operative of the Israeli secret political police, The Mossad. The Israeli elite, with vast inside knowledge from being middle-men in this dirty business, were able for 8 years to blackmail huge sums out of the Reagan White House, and for 4 years out of the George Herbert Walker Bush Administration. To keep Clinton as President off-balance, The Mossad planted Monica Lewinsky as a White House intern to entrap Clinton already known as a rapist and sexual predator. Since a teen-ager, she has reportedly been an accomplished Mata Hari-style seduceer-spy. Her father reportedly going back to the time he lived in Central America, was a "sleeper" operative of The Mossad, useable when needed. On and off for 6 years as Clinton White House Senior Advisor was dual U.S./Israeli citizen Rahm Emanuel. He reportedly has been Deputy Chief of The Mossad for North America. He reportedly aided Marc Rich in huge clandestine dealings on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, dominated by the Jewish aristocracy, and the Chicago Board of Trade, dominated by the Irish Catholic elite. Rahm reportedly continues to work deals for Marc Rich jointly with the Red Chinese and the Israeli elite, through Wasserstein Perella & Co., of which Rahm is a Managing Director specializing in Asia transactions.

And what has been the role of Swiss officials in all this? In years past, the way Swiss officials protected Marc Rich is scandalous by U.S. standards. Rich was represented in Switzerland by the CHIEF PROSECUTOR for Canton Zug, who was also a DIRECTOR of one of Rich's firms, Marc Rich AG, as well as 33 other foreign firms registered in Zug. In a document to the Swiss authorities, the Chief Prosecutor of Zug set forth that Marc Rich was essential to the Swiss economy as well as that of other nations. The Chief Prosecutor's Chief Assistant sat on 26 corporate boards and the Zug police chief was a member of another ten. As the author of a book about Marc Rich described all this, "Rich went beyond covering all the bases; he bought the ballpark." "Metal Men- Marc Rich ahd the 10-Billion Dollar Scam", by A. Craig Copetas. New York G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1985, pages 192-193.

Some savvy folks contend that what happened with Marc Rich being defended instead of prosecuted by the Chief Prosecutor in Switzerland is actually typical what happens in the United States. Federal prosecutors in America too often protect major criminals and spend the bulk of their time running after routine inner city police corruption, bribery of the city government, and such. NOT MAJOR CORPORATE CRIMINALS. Federal judges who are influenced corruptly through banks they and their cronies own are not ever the subject of a federal grand jury probe. Federal judges who stuff the court records with their judicial perjuries to falsely justify a corrupt decision favoring a major corporate entity are not federal criminally punished as they should be. The only instance of a top-level federal appeals judge going to jail for bribery was caused by our work putting heat on the see-nothing INJUSTICE DEPARTMENT, 1969-1973. The affair did NOT remedy, however, the corruption built-in to the judicial system.

Marc Rich and his sidekick Pincus Green, "Pinky", head up one of the world's largest transacters in metals, such as tungsten from Red China. Part of the dealings on the Red Chinese deals have been arranged through Prescott Bush, Jr., brother of George Bush The Elder and Uncle of George W. Bush, alleged "President". According to published accounts, Prescott Bush, Jr. has also worked corrupt deals with the massive Japanese mafia, the Yakuza. To make the Red Chinese tungsten deals work, Rich and his firms paid a "commission" or bribe to Clinton as President as well as the First Lady Hillary and contributed heavily to her carpet-bagging campaign to be U.S. Senator from New York. The funds were funneled through tax-havens like Antigua, Andorra, the Channel Islands, and similar tax-dodge money black holes.

Grabbing up both ends of the strategic Panama Canal was not sufficient for the Red Chinese and their secret police. Penetrating fundamental equipment of the U.S. Military and local and federal police was more pertinent, toward the future date when they might decide to fight the U.S. The Red Chinese have been positioning themselves as the major supplier of bullets for the United States, military troops and civilian police use.

Helping the Rockefellers set up the Red Chinese on U.S. soil in bullet manufacturing have been members of the George Bush Family and their little-publicized confidants, Bill and Hillary Clinton. Together, the excuse they have, although not yet widely noted or discussed, is that lead bullets are toxic. Dubbed "green ammunition" because it is deemed to be environmentally "safe", the tungsten-core bullets manufactured by the Red Chinese has quietly started. Production has commenced at a huge facility arranged by the Red Chinese in Adelanto, California, which is relying on Red Chinese tungsten, brokered by Marc Rich with the aid of the Bush Family and the Clintons.

A populist newspaper, in a headline story "China Angling To Be Principal U.S. Ammo Provider", described it "The conversion from lead to tungsten for ammunition is expected to spill over into the civilian sector, where all lead shot used in shotguns, as well as the cores of bullets for rifles and handguns, will also be BANNED. This will have a major impact on American sportmen who cast their own bullets from lead, which melts at a relatively low temperature. Tungsten requires the intense heat of oxy-acetylene-generated temperatures to melt." Spotlight, 4/3/2000 (Emphasis added.)

Red China, considered by some to be a sworn enemy of the United States, is expected soon to become the major supplier of ammunition to the U.S. Military as well as for fire-arms by local and federal police. Nobody seems to be concerned that the tungsten-core bullets cost about 13 times more than lead, as material. Called J.J. Ammo, the company has been bringing in purported "technicians" from mainland China. Retired intelligence officers familiar with the project contend some of these alleged "technicians" are reportedly also with the Red Chinese Secret Police already active on United States soil. [Visit our website series, "The Red Chinese Secret Police IN THE UNITED STATES".]

Also set up to supply Red Chinese tungsten-core bullets to the U.S. Military and U.S. local and federal police, jointly with the Red Chinese themselves, is a firm jointly owned by the Israeli aristocracy with Marc Rich's group of Zug-registered companies. The firm, Israeli Military Industries, IMI, has business arrangements with Marc Rich, and has agents and/or offices in the U.S., including New Jersey. The Israeli ruling class seems devoted to assisting the U.S. ruling class in promoting gun control for common Americans at the same time restricting the availablity of ammunition to only the U.S. Military and local and federal police. Common Americans seeking to buy or use non-tungsten core bullets may end up on a master list to be rounded up for violating the expected ban on lead ammo.

So the described cabal is determined to make the U.S. entirely dependent on Red China as the world's major producer of tungsten, with Marc Rich and his gang supervising and brokering the deals. "Smaller amounts of tungsten are mined in India, Indonesia and South Africa. U.S. tungsten is mined from the sands along the beaches of South Carolina and Georgia and from underground mines in western Montana and western Nevada....there is not a sufficient amount for U.S. military ammunition needs from all of these sources combined." Spotlight newspaper, 4/3/2000.

A financial meltdown in the U.S. may make the foregoing highly pertinent. Stringent schemes and efforts have been underway to totally dis-arm common Americans. At the same time, special military forces, even foreign troops training on U.S. soil, are planning for the time when they may have to counter ordinary Americans rising up against a tyranny of the central government. The U.S. Constitution's Bill of Rights, Second Amendment, is plainly so ordinary Americans can resist what starting in the 20th century is called a fascist coup.

How Marc Rich cheated the Pope's soybean company in Chicago out of billions of dollars using crooked federal judges. How Marc Rich is like another Israeli secret political police operative murdered by being thrown into the Atlantic Ocean. Lots more coming.

___

Since 1958, Mr.Skolnick has been a court reformer. Since 1963, founder/chairman, Citizen's Committee to Clean Up the Courts, disclosing certain instances of judicial and other bribery and political murders. Since 1991 a regular panelist, and since 1995, moderator/producer, of one-hour,weekly public access Cable TV Show, "Broadsides", Cablecast on Channel 21, 9 p.m. each Monday in Chicago. For a heavy packet of printed stories, send $5.00 [U.S. funds] and a stamped, self-addressed business sized envelope [4-1/4 x 9-1/2 #10 size] WITH THREE STAMPS ON IT, to Citizen's Committee to Clean Up the Courts, Sherman H. Skolnick, Chairman, 9800 South Oglesby Ave., Chicago IL 60617-4870. Office, 7 days, 8 a.m. to midnight, (773) 375-5741

Algemene Bank Nederland
American Civil

AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION 64
AMERICAN CIVIL RIGHTS INSTITUTE 1

Americans, Common
Andreuccetti, Joseph

ANDREUCCETTI JOSEPH 1

Anti-Trust, Gold
Antilles, Netherland
Armitage, Richard

ARMITAGE RICHARD L 122

Asia, South-East
Associated Press

ASSOCIATED PRESS 18

Bank America

BANK AMERICA 83

Billion-Dollar
Board, Chicago
Broaddrick, Juanita

BROADDRICK JUANITA 2

Bua, J.
Bush, Bribes
Bush, Elder
Bush, George Herbert Walker
Bush, George W.

BUSH GEORGE W 97

Bush, Jeb
Bush, Prescott Jr

BUSH PRESCOTT JR 38

Bush, Walker
Canal, Panama
Carter, Jimmy

CARTER JIMMY E (PRES) 358

Central America
Central Intelligence
Cheney, Richard

CHENEY RICHARD (HILL & KNOWLTON) 1
CHENEY RICHARD BRUCE 154

CIA
Citi Bank
Clinton, Bill

CLINTON BILL 289

Clinton, Hillary Rodham

CLINTON HILLARY RODHAM 126

Clinton, Rodham
Clinton, William Rockefeller

CLINTON BILL 289

Co, Halliburton
Coca-Cola

COCA-COLA COMPANY 17

Colby, William

COLBY WILLIAM EGAN 629

Commerce International

COMMERCE INTERNATIONAL 17

Copetas, A. Craig

COPETAS A CRAIG 5

Coutts Bank London
Credit Lyonnaise

CREDIT LYONNAIS 1

Credit Suisse

CREDIT SUISSE BANK 32
CREDIT SUISSE CANADA 1
CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON 36

D'Onofrio

DONOFRIO RAMON 3
DONOFRIO WILLIAM D 5

Davis, Deborah

DAVIS DEBORAH 11

De Espana, Banco
Defense Fund
Delavoro, Banca Nazionale
Dresdner Bank A. G.

DRESDNER BANK 7

Dresser-Rand
Emanuel, Rahm

EMANUEL RAHM I (D-IL) 15

Federal Agency
Foster, Vincent W Jr

FOSTER VINCENT W JR 260

Friedman, Richard

FRIEDMAN R SETH 1
FRIEDMAN RICHARD (GOLDMAN SACHS) 1
FRIEDMAN RICHARD S (LEESBURG VA) 3

Gierum, John E.
Giuliani, Rudolph W.

GIULIANI RUDOLPH W 93

Governor, Wisconsin
Graham, Katherine
Green, Pincus

GREEN PINCUS (PINKY) 21

Hari-, Mata
Harris Bank
Harris, Katherine

HARRIS KATHERINE 27

Herbert, George

HERBERT GEORGE (KEVIN KATTKE ASSOCIATE) 2
HERBERT GEORGE R 1

Hubbell, Webster

HUBBELL WEBSTER LEE 126

Human Services
Hyde, Henry

HYDE HENRY B 11
HYDE HENRY J (R-IL) 37

Ingersoll-Dresser
Iran-Contra
Islands, Channel
Jefferson, Chelsea
Jones, Dow
King, Marc Rich
Kissinger, Henry

KISSINGER HENRY A 727

La Salle National Bank
La Salle
Lewinsky, Monica

LEWINSKY MONICA S 12

Lippo Bank
Los Angeles
Lux, Belgium Cre
Lyonnaise, Cr
Marcinkus, Bishop Paul
Mayor, Little Rock
Mercantile, Chicago
Moon, Myung
Mussolini, Benito

MUSSOLINI BENITO 103

National Bank

NATIONAL BANK GEORGIA 27
NATIONAL BANK OMAN 1
NATIONAL BANK SOUTH FLORIDA 2
NATIONAL BANK WASHINGTON 4

National Security Agency

NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY 104

NED
North America
Nugan Hand Bank

NUGAN HAND BANK 203

Ocean, Atlantic
Office, Reconnaissance
Park, Fort Marcy
Parry, Robert

PARRY ROBERT (JOURNALIST) 101
PARRY ROBERT T (FEDERAL RESERVE) 1

Perella, Wasserstein
Potter, Daniel
Powell, Colin

POWELL COLIN LUTHER 104

Prosper, Gangsters
Putnam, G. P.
Quinn, Jack

QUINN JACK M (WHITE HOUSE) 17
QUINN JOHN C 1
QUINN JOHN F 23
QUINN JOHN S (LT) 5

Reich, Marc
Rich, Marc

RICH MARC DAVID 70

Rich, Mark

RICH MARC DAVID 70

Rich, Men-Marc
Ridge, Park
Rock, Little
Rodham, Hugh Sr
Royal, British
Scam, Dollar
Shalala, Donna

SHALALA DONNA E 29

Skolnick, Sherman H.

SKOLNICK SHERMAN 46

Soviet Union
St. Maartens Island
St. Maartens
Tarullo, John
Thompson, Tommy

THOMPSON TOMMY (LAS VEGAS) 1
THOMPSON TOMMY G (GOV) 7

Thompson, Wisconsin Governor Tommy
Triangle, Golden
U. S. Constitution
U. S. Immigration
U. S. National
U. S. Senate
United Press International

UNITED PRESS INTERNATIONAL 18

Vatican Bank

VATICAN BANK (INSTITUTE RELIGIOUS WORKS) 136

W., George
Wanta, Leo Emil

WANTA LEO EMIL 29

Washington Post

WASHINGTON POST 192

Washington Times

WASHINGTON TIMES NEWSPAPER 61

Wells Fargo Bank

WELLS FARGO BANK 3

White, Clinton
White, Reagan
World Bank

WORLD BANK 275

Zug, Canton

"IN THE KNOW": Remember The Crime Stoppers "Vandalism" of the Corpus Christi Country Club Golf Coursehigh powered members who control our nation’s eco

2007-04-20T06:17:00.000-07:00

"IN THE KNOW": Remember The Crime Stoppers "Vandalism" of the Corpus Christi Country Club Golf Course? Were there not high powered CCCC members who control our nation’s economy & industry. This work of fiction written by Hal Bray set here in Corpus Christi; I just thought you guys might like it. BTW, cant find that particular Crime Stoppers announcement. They tore up the CCCC Golf Course. Who is they?

"Within weeks many of you will be looking across just hundreds of feet of water at some of the most modern technology ever invented in America. Unfor

2007-04-16T22:59:00.000-07:00

When all are one and one is all

CHAPTER VIII

The Soviets at Sea

"Within weeks many of you will be looking across just hundreds of feet of water at some of the most modern technology ever invented in America. Unfortunately, it is on Soviet ships."

— Secretary of the Navy John Lehman, May 25, 1983, to graduating class at Annapolis (reported in U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, August 1983, pp. 73-4)

Only one Soviet battleship was built before World War II — the Tretii International ("Third International"), laid down on July 15, 1939 in the Leningrad yards. The guns, turrets, armor, and boilers for this 35,000 ton battleship were purchased in the United States and Germany. The ship was completed in the late 1940s. Other prewar Soviet battleships — the Marat, Kommuna, and Oktyabrskyaya Revolutsla — were reconditioned and refitted ex-tsarist vessels. Attempts to build three battleships of the Italian Vittorio Veneto class were abandoned.

Three aircraft carriers were under construction at the end of the 1930s. The Stalin (formerly the tsarist Admiral Kornilov), a 9,000-ton ship built in 1914, redesigned in 1929, and completed in 1939 as an aircraft carrier. Two other carriers of 12,000 tons each were built "on the basis of American blueprints" — the Krasnoye Znamye and the Voroshilov, laid down at Leningrad in 1939 and 1940.

World War II Soviet cruisers were refitted tsarist-era vessels, including the Krasni Kavkaz (formerly the Admiral Lazarov, built in 1916 at Kinoleav), the Profintern (formerly the Svetlana, built in 1915 at Reval [now Tallinn] and refitted in 1937), and the Chevonagy Ukraina (formerly the Admiral Nakhimov, built in 1915). The first Soviet attempt at cruiser construction was the Kirov class of 8,000 tons. Three ships were laid down in 1934-35 with Tosi engines manufactured in Italy and built to Italian plans at Putilovets (the Kirov and Maxim Gorki) and at Nikoleav (the Kulbyshev) under the technical direction of Sansaldo, an Italian firm.

There were three groups of Soviet destroyers before World War II. First, fourteen tsarist vessels — four in the Petrovski class (built in 1917-18), nine in the Uritski class (built in 1914-15), and one ex-Novik (built in 1911). Second, some new classes of destroyers were built under the Soviets to French and Italian designs. Between 1935 and 1939, fifteen destroyers of 2,900 tons each, based on French drawings, were built as the Leningrad class: six in the Leningrad yards, eight on the Black Sea, and one at Vladivostok. The first units, supervised by French engineers, were similar to French vessels.

The third category encompassed the Stemitelnie class, the largest Soviet destroyer class of the 1930s. Between 1936 and 1939, thirty-five of these 1,800-ton ships were built under Italian supervision, mainly in Leningrad and the Black Sea yards, utilizing an Italian Odero-Terni-Orlando design and British machinery. Their engines were Tosi (Italy) 50,000-shaft-horsepower geared turbines. In addition, the Tashkent, another Odero-Terni-Orlando design, was built in Italy — the only Soviet surface warship built abroad in the 1930s.

In January 1939 the American firm of Gibbs and Cox, naval architects, designed two destroyers and a 45,000-ton battleship for the Soviet Union in the United States.

From 1939 to 1941 the Soviets received German military assistance. The Nazis sent the partly finished cruiser Lutzow, laid down at Bremen in 1937, and in May 1941 "construction of the cruiser 'L' in Leningrad was proceeding according to plan." In the Leningrad yards German technicians took over construction and repair of Soviet ships. This cooperation lasted for eighteen months, from late 1939 until May 1941.

All told, in 1941 the Soviet fleet comprised 3 battleships, 8 cruisers, 85 destroyers and torpedo boats, 24 minelayers, 75 minesweepers, 300 motor torpedo boats and gunboats, and 250 submarines. Most were built in the West or to Western designs.

U.S. Lend-Lease added 491 ships to this total: 46 110-foot submarine chasers and 59 65-foot submarine chasers, 221 torpedo boats (24 of them from the United Kingdom), 77 minesweepers, 28 frigates, 52 small landing craft, 2 large landing craft from the United Kingdom, and 6 cargo barges. In addition to combat vessels, Lend-Lease transferred merchant ships and marine engines.

In terms of tonnage, Lend-Lease probably doubled the size of the Soviet Navy. Only a small number of these naval ships have been returned, although the Lend-Lease master agreement required the return of all vessels.

Since World War II, assistance to the Soviet naval construction program has taken two forms: export of shipbuilding equipment and shipyard cranes from European countries and the United States, and use of plans and designs obtained from the United States and NATO through espionage. For example, the sophisticated equipment of the U.S.S. Pueblo, transferred by the North Koreans to the USSR, was at least fifteen years ahead of anything the Soviets had in the late 1960s. In other words, the Pueblo capture took the Soviets in one leap from postwar German and Lend-Lease technical developments to the most modern of U.S. technology.

Current Soviet acquisitions of naval equipment are highly significant and evidence of failure by the West to maintain a realistic defense posture.

The Soviets have concentrated their acquisitions in areas related to aircraft carriers, deep sea diving capabilities, sensor systems for antisub-marine warfare and navigation, and ship maintenance facilities. In the maintenance area, two huge floating drydocks purchased from Japan, supposedly for civilian use, have been diverted to military use. Drydocks are critical for both routine and fast repair of ships damaged in warfare. In 1978, when the Soviets took possession of one of the drydocks, they diverted it to the Pacific Naval Fleet. The other was sent to the Northern Fleet in 1981.

These drydocks are so large that they can carry several naval ships. More importantly, they are the only drydock facilities in either of the two major Soviet fleet areas — Northern or Pacific — capable of servicing the new Kiev-class V/STOL aircraft carriers. Soviet advanced submarines carrying ballistic missiles, Soviet Kiev aircraft carriers, and Soviet destroyers were among the first ships repaired in these drydocks. The drydocks are so large that no Soviet shipyard is capable of accommodating their construction without major facility modifications, associate capital expenditures, and interruption of present weapons programs. Their importance will be even more pronounced when the Soviets construct the still larger carriers (for high-performance aircraft) projected for the 1990s. The Soviets have acquired Western aircraft carrier catapult equipment and documentation for this larger carrier; catapult technology, though relatively common in the West, is outside Soviet experience and capabilities.

In the 1980s, the USSR has contracted for or purchased foreign-built oceanographic survey ships equipped with some of the most modern Western-manufactured equipment. In place of U.S. equipment that was embargoed, other Western equipment has been installed on the ships. This modernization of the world's largest oceanographic fleet with Western technology will support the development of Soviet weapon systems programs and antisubmarine systems used against the West.

Ship and submarine construction requires sheet steel, steel plate, and steel sections. Armor-plate is produced by rolling high-alloy steel, which is then heat-treated to develop its ballistic properties. Multiple layers are used for armor protection. Therefore, assistance to the Soviet iron and steel industry — which is significant and continuing — is also assistance to Soviet ship-construction programs.

A U.S. government agency report has asserted that "any shipyard capable of building a merchant ship hull is equally capable of building a combatant ship of the same length." The report also states that merchant ships can be designed for conversion into naval ships, and that in any event the facilities required to build a steel merchant ship are exactly the same as the facilities required to build a steel warship. The main differences are the armament and the varying specifications for engines and other equipment. Almost 70 percent of the present Soviet merchant fleet has been built outside the Soviet Union. This has released Soviet shipyards and materials for Soviet naval construction. All diesel engines in Soviet ships use a technology originating outside the Soviet Union.

The Soviets provided 80 percent of the supplies for the North during the war in Vietnam. Most of these supplies were transported by merchant ship. The ocean-going capacity required to supply the North Vietnamese on this scale and so keep them in the war was dependent upon ships previously built outside the USSR. The same process can be identified in Central America and Africa. While the supply of maritime technology has been formally forbidden by Congress, grossly inefficient administration of the export control laws has allowed the Soviets to acquire a massive military transportation capacity.

Origins of the Soviet Merchant Marine

There are two extraordinary facts about the gigantic strategic Soviet merchant marine:

First: over two-thirds of its ship tonnage has been built outside the Soviet Union. The remaining one-third was built in Soviet yards and to a great extent with shipbuilding equipment from the West, particularly Finland and NATO allies, Great Britain and Germany.

Second: four-fifths of the main marine diesel engines used to propel the vessels of the Soviet merchant marine were actually built in the West. In other words, only one-fifth of the main diesel engines were built in the USSR. Moreover, even this startling statistic does not reflect the full nature of Soviet dependence on foreign marine diesel technology because all of the main engines manufactured in the USSR are built to foreign designs. The full scope of the dependence of Soviet marine-diesel technology on foreign assistance is shown in Table 8-1.

The manufacture of marine diesels in the Soviet Union has received considerable foreign technical assistance. Technical-assistance agreements were made with both M.A.N. and Sulzer in the 1920s, and the Soviet Union has continued since that time to receive M.A.N. (Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg) and Sulzer technology, in addition to assistance agreements with Burmeister & Wain of Denmark and Skoda of Czechoslovakia.

An important basic agreement was signed in early 1959 in Copenhagen by Niels Munck, managing director of Burmeister & Wain. The Danish company also has a licensing agreement with the Polish engine manufacturers Stocznia Gdanska, and most of that organization's annual production of B & W designs goes to the Soviet Union.

All modern large diesels of more than 11,000 horsepower used in the Soviet Union are built to a single foreign design — Burmeister & Wain of Copenhagen, Denmark. Denmark is a NATO ally of the United States. The export of this Danish technology could have been stopped by the State Department under the Battle Act and CoCom arrangement. All Burmeister & Wain diesels are designed with U.S. computers. Burmeister & Wain engines propelled the Soviet ships that were active in the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, the supply of North Vietnam and Central America today.

The State Department could also have intervened indirectly to restrict export of military technology by Eastern European Communist governments — for example, Skoda armaments — to the USSR and this was the very claim made by State to Congress in order to bring detente. In 1966 Dean Rusk submitted legislation to Congress for "most favored nation" treatment for East European Communist countries. This would, said Dean Rusk, "give the United States an important political tool in Eastern Europe." But East European Communist countries went right on providing technical assistance for the Soviets, and the State Department maintained a steadfast blind eye to the military end-uses of this technical assistance to the Soviet Union. Indeed, State even approved an important technical-assistance agreement made by Simmons, an American firm, with Skoda.

Table 8-1

Origin of Diesel Engines of Soviet Merchant Ships
Size of Merchant
Ship (Gross
Registered Tonnage) Engines of Foreign
Design and
Construction (percent) Engines Soviet-
built under
Foreign License
(percent)
15,000 and over
10,000-14,999
5,000-9,999 100
87.9
56.9 0
12.1
43.1

*This includes diesel-electric units but not steam turbines. The chart is based on gross registered tonnage, not rated capacity of the engines, therefore it is an approximate measure only.

Illegal Actions by State Department

When we look closely at the transportation technology used to support the most dangerous international crises of the 60s, 70s and 80s, we find that the U.S. State Department not only had the knowledge and the capability to stop the technological transfers which generated the vehicles used, but was required by law to ensure that the technology was not passed to the Soviets. In other words, there would have been no Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, no supply of the Vietnamese War and no wars of liberation in Africa and Central America if State Department had followed Congressional instructions and carried out the job it is paid to do.

The Poltava class of Soviet merchant vessels, equipped with special hatches, was used to carry missiles to Cuba in 1962, it was used to supply the Vietnamese War, it is used today to support "wars of liberation" in Africa and Central America. The main engines for the first two vessels in this class were manufactured by Burmeister & Wain in Copenhagen. Engines for the other ships in the class came from the Bryansk plant in the Soviet Union. The Danish and the Bryansk engines are built to the same specification: 740-millimeter cylinder diameter and 1,600-millimeter piston stroke. The Danish engines have six cylinders while the Soviet engines have seven cylinders; in all other respects they are identical Burmeister & Wain-design engines. In 1959 the Danish company made a technical-assistance agreement with the Soviets for manufacture of large marine diesels, not manufactured in the USSR at that time, and the U.S. State Department, through CoCom, approved the export of this technology as nonstrategic. Any member of CoCom has veto power. Objection by State Department representatives would have effectively blocked the agreement.

The Poltava-class ships were used to carry Soviet missiles to Cuba in 1962. The first Poltava engines were manufactured in Denmark in 1959 and the ships entered service in 1962, only a few months before they were used to transport missiles to Cuba. In other words, the first operational use of these diesel engines — approved by State as nonstrategic — was in a challenge to the United States which brought us to the brink of nuclear war.

The Poitava-class ships have extra long hatches: eight of 13.6 meters length and 6.2 meters width, ideal for loading medium-range missiles. After near nuclear conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union the Soviets removed their missiles — as deck cargo on other merchant ships. The Labinsk was one of the ships used. The Labinsk is a 9,820-ton freighter built in 1960 in Poland on Soviet account and has Italian engines, made by Fiat in Italy (8,000 bhp, eight cylinders, 750-mm. cylinder diameter, 1,3200-mm. piston stroke). This is the same Fiat Company that later in the 60s and 70s provided technical assistance for the largest automobile plant in the USSR.

In 1967, while the Johnson Administration was campaigning for yet more "peaceful trade" with the Soviet Union, Soviet ships previously supplied by our allies as "peaceful trade" were carrying weapons to Haiphong to kill Americans (see Table 8-2).

In addition to the ships listed in Table 8-2, the Kuibyshev, a 6,000-ton freighter built in the United States, the Sovetsk, built in Poland with Swiss engines, and the Ustilug, a 4,400-ton freighter with West German M.A.N. engines, have also been identified.

As Table 8-3 shows, if the State Department had done an effective job according to the laws passed by Congress, thirty-seven of the ninety-six ships would not have been in Soviet hands — and would not have been able to take weapons and supplies to Haiphong.

Table 8-2

Analysis of some Soviet Ships used on Haiphong Run
Soviet
Registration
No. Year of
Construction Name and GRT
of Ship Place of Construction
Engines Hill
M26121 1960 Kura
(4,084 tons) West
Germany West
Germany
M25151 1962 Simferopol
(9,344 tons) Poland Switzerland
M11647 1936 Arlika
(2,900 tons) United
Kingdom United
Kingdom
M17082 1962 Sinegorsk
(3,330 tons) Finland Sweden
M3017 1961 Ingur
(4,084 tons) West
Germany West
Germany
M26893 1952 Inman
(3,455 tons) East
Germany West
Germany

Specifically, the State Department could have stopped the export of marine-diesel technology to the Soviets under the Battle Act.

Could the Soviets have used other ships? Turn to the next page.

Over two-thirds of Soviet merchant ships and more than four-fifths of the marine diesels in Soviet merchant ships were not built in the USSR. The Soviets would certainly not have attempted foreign adventures with a merchant marine substantially smaller than the one they have now in operation. In other words, we always had the absolute means to stop the Soviet tide of aggression — if that was our objective.

The provision of fast, large ships for Soviet supply of the North Vietnamese indicates where export control failed.

Table 8-3

Engines of Soviet Ships on Haiphong Run and Ability of
United States to Stop Export under Battle Act and CoCom
Origin of
Diesel Engines

Number
of Engines
Manufactured

Could Export
Have Been
Stopped?

In USSR

Outside USSR

Manufactured in USSR
to Soviet Design —— ——
Manufactured in USSR
under license and
to foreign design:

Skoda (at Russky Diesel) 5 —— No
Burmeister & Wain
(at Bryansk) 8 YES
Manufactured outside
USSR to foreign design: 8
Skoda (Czechoslovakia) 5 —— No
M.A.N. (West Germany) 11 11 Yes
Fiat S.A. (Italy) 2 2 Yes
Burmeister & Wain (in
Denmark and elsewhere
under license) 8 8 Yes
Sulzer (Switzerland) 13 —— No
Lang (Hungry) 4 —— No
Gorlitz (East Germany) 10 —— No
United States (Lend-Lease) 7 7¥ Yes(?)
United States (not
Lend-Lease) 1 —— No
Krupp (Germany) 1 1 Yes
—— —— —— ——
Total: Diesel engines 13 62 37 Yes
¥Lend-Lease — should be returned under the Master agreement.

Steam Turbines
and Riciprocating
Steam Engines

Number
of Engines
Manufactured

Could Export
Have Been
Stopped?

In USSR

Outside USSR

Manufactured in USSR to
Soviet design 0
Manufactured in USSR to
foreign design

1
(possibly)

Manufactured outside
USSR:
Canada 1
United States 3
United Kingdom 1
Switzerland (Sulzer) 3
—— ——
Total: Steam turbines 1 8

—— ——
Grand Total:

Diesel engines 75

Not identified 12
Steam turbines

9

Identified 84

——

——

84

96

Segments of the Soviet merchant marine were examined to determine the relationship between Western origins and the maximum speed of Soviet ships. It was anticipated that because of NATO limitations on the speed of merchant ships supplied to the USSR (reflected in the export control laws) that the average speed of NATO-supplied ships would be considerably less than ships supplied either by Eastern European countries to the USSR or built within the USSR itself. The results of an analysis of forty-two Soviet ships on the Haiphong supply are as follows:

Merchant ships with engines manufactured in the Free World, average speed 14.62 knots.

Merchant ships with engines manufactured in Eastern Europe, average speed 13.25 knots.

Merchant ships with engines manufactured in Soviet Union, average speed 12.23 knots.

(All forty-two ships were built after I951, the year the Battle Act was implemented.)

The most obvious point to be made is that the average speed of Western-supplied ships used by the Soviets on the Haiphong run was 2.4 knots (i.e., about 20 percent) above that of Soviet domestic-built ships on the run. This includes only those ships built after 1951 (i.e., after implementation of the Battle Act and its limitation of speed and tonnage on ships supplied to the USSR).

The illegal administration of the Battle Act by State Department also applies to weight limitations — the faster, larger Soviet ships are from the West and the slower, smaller ships are from domestic Soviet shipyards.

Under the CoCom machinery each nation participating in the embargo of strategic materials submits its own views on the shipment of specific items. There is also a unanimity rule. In other words, no item may be shipped to the USSR unless all participating nations agree. Objections by any nation halt shipment. Douglas Dillon, former Under Secretary of State, has pointed out, "I can recall no instance in which a country shipped a strategic item to the Soviet bloc against the disapproving vote of a participating member of CoCom."

It must therefore be presumed that the United States delegates approved the export of ships of high average speed, as well as marine diesel engines and the Burmeister &'Wain technical-assistance agreement of 1959 for Soviet manufacturers of marine diesels, all of which were later used against the United States by the Soviets in supplying North Vietnam, and adventures in Africa and Central America.

It is clear from this evidence alone that successive administrations have been long on words but short on action to stop the Soviets from carrying out world ambitions. Further, successive administrations have committed American soldiers to foreign wars without the resolve to win and obviously in the knowledge that American technical assistance was being provided to both sides in these wars.

Under CoCom arrangements in the Battle Act, the State Department can enter an objection to CoCom concerning any technological exports to the Soviet Union. No CoCom member can make such exports over the objection of any other member of CoCom. In other words, if the State Department had wanted to implement the intent of Congress, it had the ability to stop the transfer of marine engines and marine engine technology to the USSR. It did not do so.

Even further, other Soviet ships have marine diesels originating in Czechoslovakia (Skoda), Hungary (Lang), and East Germany (Gorlitzer), countries for which State has demanded most favored nation status and trade as a "political weapon." If there is indeed a polycentralist trend, then why was the State Department unable to stop · the flow of military technology to the Soviet Union? It had the political weapon (trade) it asked for to do the job.

In brief: State Department had the means to stop the transfer of marine-diesel technology. The department was required to do so under the law. It did not do so. The blame in this tragic case is squarely at the door of the State Department.

We can derive two conclusions:

1. The Soviet Union could not have supplied wars of liberation without assistance from the United States and its Western allies. This assistance takes the form of technology transferred through the vehicle of trade.

2. The State Department had the absolute means to stop this transfer through its veto power in CoCom. It did not do so.

The position is more serious than even these conclusions would suggest, because the State Department has excellent — and expensive —intelligence facilities. The department was therefore aware of item (1) above. It is also aware of its powers in CoCom. Yet a departmental spokesman went before Congress to make the following statement:

If there were no trade at all between West and East, the Soviet Union would still be perfectly competent to supply North Vietnam with its requirements, many times over. I think the proposition that our restrictions or any restrictions on trade with Eastern Europe can defer or affect in any significant way the ability to supply North Vietnam is simply wrong.

This bland assertion, without evidence, of course, was made to the Senate by Philip H. Trezise, former Assistant Secretary for Economic Affairs in the department. Trezise has been described by Senator Mon-dale as "one of the most remarkable men that this Committee could hear from." That is certainly an accurate statement. Unfortunately, Trezise has all the qualities of a deaf mute blindman.

The Deaf Mute Blindmen Forge Ahead

These facts and conclusions were evident by the early 1970s: the Soviets were using Western transportation technology against the West.

Yet in 1973 the State Department under President Nixon and National Security adviser Henry Kissinger negotiated a major agreement to transfer even more transportation technology to the Soviet Union. This agreement was signed by President Nixon on June 19, 1973 and went far beyond maritime technology. The maritime component was as follows:

Article 2

"Marine transport, including technology of maritime shipping and cargo handling in seaports."

This is, of course, the precise technology to supply for assisting Soviet wars of liberation.

We reproduce two pages from this extraordinary agreement (Russian and English versions) to demonstrate the all-encompassing nature of the Nixon Administration's aid to the Soviet Union — even when the results of earlier aid were known in Washington. When this "aid and comfort" is considered in the light of suppression of the facts, coupled with harassment of individuals attempting to bring these facts home to the American public, there is clearly a case for in-depth investigation of the motivation of top officials in the Nixon Administration, up to and including Mr. Nixon himself.

Submarine and Anti-Submarine Warfare

There is a long history of Western assistance to Soviet submarine construction and anti-submarine warfare efforts.

Extensive tsarist submarine work was adapted by the Soviets at the end of the 1920s and a few tsarist-model submarines were still operating in World War II.

Soviet domestic construction began in 1928 with the L and M classes. The L-class was based on the British L-55, which sank off Kronstadt and was raised by the Soviets; twenty-three of the L-class and one L-Special were built to this model by 1938. The M-class, a small 200-ton coastal submarine of limited performance, was made possible only by the introduction of electric welding under the terms of a General Electric technical-assistance contract.

All subsequent Soviet submarine development has been heavily influenced by German U-boat designs and more recently by U.S. designs. In 1926 a German naval mission under Admiral Spindler visited the USSR and provided the plans of the most successful German submarines, details of operational experience, and the services of German submarine experts. The Russians obtained sets of U-boat plans, the most important of which were those of the B-III type, one of the most successful designs for a conventional submarine ever produced. As the type-VII, the B-Ill was the backbone of the German U-boat fleet in World War II.

A variant of the design was built in Russia — first known as the N-class — nicknamed Nemka ("German girl") — and later as the S-class. The Chuka-class was based on German B-III plans; S-class (enlarged Chuka) is the German type VII U-boat.

Italian influence came in two submarine classes. Eight vessels in the Garibaldi-class were of Adriatico design and seventeen Pravda-class submarines were a development from the Garibaldi. Two submarines were bought from Vickers-Armstrong in the United Kingdom in 1936, and the Soviet V-class comprised Vickers-Armstrong submarines built in the United Kingdom in 1944 and transferred to the USSR under Lend-Lease.

The United States sold submarine equipment to the Soviet Union in the first five or six years of the 1930s. A proposal was received by the Electric Boat Company of Groton, Connecticut, in January 1930 for the construction of submarines and submarine ordnance equipment for shipment to the USSR. In a letter to the Secretary of State, Electric Boat argued that there was "no objection" to the construction of submarines for such "friendly foreign powers," and further said that this was in the interest of the Navy, as it kept domestic shipbuilders at work. The State Department, though admitting there was no legal restriction on shipments of munitions to the Soviet Union, said it viewed "with disfavor" the construction of periscopes, submarines, and ordnance equipment for shipment to the Russians.

Sample Page From Transportation Agreement Signed by President Nixon with the Soviet Union June 19, 1973 [English Version]

There was also a flow of American technology under the Sperry Gyroscope technical-assistance contract for marine instruments, and many Soviet engineers were trained by the company in the United States, although attempts in 1937-38 to buy fire-control equipment were thwarted by Navy Department officers. By 1937 Electric Boat was negotiating with the Soviets for construction of submarines, this time with the blessing of the State Department.

The massive postwar expansion of the Soviet submarine fleet has depended upon the designs and technical and construction resources of Germany and the United States. After World War II the Soviets carefully studied German submarines and operational techniques. Using equipment and material received under Lend-Lease, and transferring complete shipyards and great quantities of submarine-building equipment from Germany, a large submarine construction program was undertaken — a program still in progress in 1986.

In 1972 the Soviet W-class attack submarine accounted for about half of the Soviet submarine fleet. The W-class is a direct copy of the successful German type-XXI U-boat. The vessel has a 1,621-ton displacement and is capable of traveling 11,000 miles without refueling. Although the Germans built 120 type-XXI boats by early 1945, few went to sea. Almost all of these completed submarines fell into Soviet hands. Thus a substantial portion, perhaps one-quarter, of the Soviet submarine force was built in Germany to German construction standards. A modification of type-XXI became the Soviet Z-class, slightly larger, with greater range. The most modern Soviet diesel-powered submarine, the F-class, was also developed from these advanced German designs.

Early Soviet nuclear-powered submarines are similar to the U.S.S. Nautilus in configuration. The Soviet Y ("Yankee")-class is copied from the U.S.S. Polaris ballistic missile submarine, with plans obtained through the massive Soviet espionage program in Great Britain.

Submersibles for deep-sea work have been purchased in the West, the most recent sale being the Hyco Pisces-IV sold in 1972. Missile-carrying submarines are fitted with GOLEM-class missiles. GOLEM I and GOLEM II are direct descendents of the German V-2, while GOLEM III is a two-stage solid-fuel equivalent of the Lockheed Polaris.

In anti-submarine warfare — an obvious priority for the Soviets — we find repeated efforts to obtain Western advanced anti-submarine technology, especially sensor technology, focusing on signal processing. This highlights the calculated planned nature of Soviet technology acquisition and the weak Western response.

Soviet military technology acquisition is focused upon 14 key technology clusters. These target groups are of fundamental importance to development of weapons systems. By concentrating on these fourteen groups, the Soviets try to acquire the broadest possible military advantages while simultaneously improving their own shortcomings.

One of these 14 groups includes sensor technology, comprising radar devices, array processors, infrared technology and signal processing. An example from one of these groups illustrates activity by U.S. firms which approaches treason.

Array processors assist a computer in processing and analyzing digital signals. This can be used to identify minute differences in sounds under the ocean, a means of locating enemy submarines. Obviously, if the Soviets have this technology, they can track U.S. Navy submarines.

In 1979 Geo Space Corporation of Houston, Texas sold 36 array processors to the Soviet Union. Soviet Navy personnel were trained in the Geo Space plant in Houston. Soviet personnel carried the Geo Space units aboard Soviet submarines and installed the units with the shipboard computers. This activity surely fits the definition of "aid and comfort" to enemies of the U.S. Yet Department of Commerce merely fined Geo Space $36,000 and suspended its export privileges.

When we compare the activity of Departments of State and Commerce in administering the Export Control and Battle Act laws we find extreme weakness, amounting in many cases to ignoring the will of Congress in favor of the Soviets.

Yet we also find another phenomenon, explored below.

The Soviet Union as a Source of Information

In practice the Soviet Union is a more prolific source of hard information on some technology transfers — information that can be blended with declassified U.S. files, and Congressional reports.

The availability of data on the origin of the main engines of Soviet ships used on the Haiphong supply run and in the Cuban Missile Crisis is a prime example of the Soviet Union publishing detailed information not available from U.S. government sources and directly conflicting with official statements made by U.S. government officials.

This case of the origin of Soviet vessels, for which ample and accurate hard data are available, is worth exploring. For most of the period since 1949, the Battle Act and the Export Control Act have supposedly prohibited the export of transportation technology for military purposes.

However, the specific case-by-case determinations made by State, Commerce, and CoCom within the framework of these laws are classified. It is not possible to obtain free access to the relevant decision papers to examine the manner in which the intent of Congress has been administered. We do know, however, that any member of the CoCom (Coordinating Committee, the operating arm of the Consultative Group established by NATO and Japan in 1950 to coordinate the export controls of the major industrial nations) group of nations has veto power and that no shipment has ever been made to the Soviet Union without the unanimous approval of all members. Thus, the transfer of Danish marine technology in 1959 had implicit or explicit U.S. State Department approval.

Some years ago research strongly suggested that the Soviets had no indigenous military transport technology: neither motor vehicles nor marine diesel engines. Yet about 80 percent of the weapons and supplies for the North Vietnamese were transported by some means from the Soviet Union. The greater part of these Soviet weapons went to Vietnam by Soviet freighter and then along the Ho Chi Minh trail on Soviet-built trucks.

By using data of Russian origin it is possible to make an accurate analysis of the origins of this equipment. It was found that all the main diesel and steam-turbine propulsion systems of the ninety-six Soviet ships on the Haiphong supply run that could be identified (i.e., eighty-four out of the ninety-six) originated in design or construction outside the USSR. We can conclude, therefore, that if the State and Commerce Departments, in the 1950s and 1960s, had consistently enforced the legislation passed by Congress in 1949, the Soviets would not have had the ability to supply the Vietnamese War — and 50,000 more Americans and countless Vietnamese would be alive today. The names of the ninety-six Soviet ships used on the Haiphong run were gleaned from Morskoi Flot and similar Russian maritime publications. The specifications of the main engines were obtained from Registrovaya Kniga Morskikh Sudov Soyuza SSR and other Russian sources. This hard information came from censored Soviet sources. The same information is only available in the West in classified government files; and it is therefore totally censored to the independent researcher and to Congress.

This is the paradox. The U.S. government is concealing, possibly unknowingly, actions which are aiding the Soviets, and which originate within U.S. government offices.

BACK

Someone who cares about you the way I do................i will not bow.....

2007-01-05T02:35:00.000-08:00

When all are one and one is all

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Lou Rawls Lyrics - You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine Lyrics

Artist: Lou Rawls Lyrics
Song: You'll Never Find Another Love Like Mine Lyrics
You'll never find, as long as you live
Someone who loves you tender like I do
You'll never find, no matter where you search
Someone who cares about you the way I do

Whoa, I'm not braggin' on myself, baby
But I'm the one who loves you
And there's no one else, no-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh one else

You'll never find, it'll take the end of all time
Someone to understand you like I do
You'll never find the rhythm, the rhyme
All the magic we shared, just us two

Whoa, I'm not tryin' to make you stay, baby
But I know some how, some day, some way
You are (you're gonna miss my lovin')
You're gonna miss my lovin' (you're gonna miss my lovin')
You're gonna miss my lovin' (you're gonna miss my lovin')
You're gonna miss, you're gonna miss my lo-o-ove

Whoa, oh, oh, oh, oh (you're gonna miss my lovin')
Late in the midnight hour, baby (you're gonna miss my lovin')
When it's cold outside (you're gonna miss my lovin')
You're gonna miss, you're gonna miss my lo-o-ove

You'll never find another love like mine
Someone who needs you like I do
You'll never see what you've found in me
You'll keep searching and searching your whole life through
Whoa, I don't wish you no bad luck, baby
But there's no ifs and buts or maybes

You're gonna, You're gonna miss (miss my lovin')
You're gonna miss my lovin' (you're gonna miss my lovin')
I know you're gonna my lovin' (you're gonna miss my lovin')
You're gonna miss, you're gonna miss my lo-o-ove

Whoa, oh, oh, oh, oh (you're gonna miss my lovin')
Late in the midnight hour, baby (you're gonna miss my lovin')
When it gets real cold outside (you're gonna miss my lovin')
I know, I know that you are gonna miss my lo-o-ove

Let me tell you that you're gonna miss my lovin'
Yes you will, baby (you're gonna miss my lovin')
When I'm long gon
I know, I know, I know that you are gonna miss

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The tune will come to you at last.....When all are one and one is all

2006-12-13T23:16:00.000-08:00

Stairway to Heaven
(As Recorded by Tiny Tim & Brave Combo)

(Page-Plant)

There's a lady who's sure all that glitters is gold
And she's buying a stairway to heaven
And when she gets there she knows if the stores are closed
With a word she can get what she came for

Woe oh oh oh oh oh
And she's buying a stairway to heaven

There's a sign on the wall but she wants to be sure
And you know sometimes words have two meanings
In the tree by the brook there's a songbird who sings
Sometimes all of our thoughts are misgiven

Woe oh oh oh oh oh
And she's buying a stairway to heaven

There's a feeling I get when I look to the west
And my spirit is crying for leaving
In my thoughts I have seen rings of smoke through the trees
And the voices of those who stand looking

Woe oh oh oh oh oh
And she's buying a stairway to heaven

And it's whispered that soon, if we all call the tune
Then the piper will lead us to reason
And a new day will dawn for those who stand long
And the forest will echo with laughter

And it makes me wonder

If there's a bustle in your hedgerow
Don't be alarmed now
It's just a spring clean for the May Queen

Yes there are two paths you can go by
but in the long run
There's still time to change the road you're on

Your head is humming and it won't go because you don't know
The piper's calling you to join him
Dear lady can't you hear the wind blow and did you know
Your stairway lies on the whispering wind

And as we wind on down the road
Our shadows taller than our souls
There walks a lady we all know
Who shines white light and wants to show
How everything still turns to gold
And if you listen very hard
The tune will come to you at last
When all are one and one is all
To be a rock and not to roll
Woe oh oh oh oh oh
And she's buying a stairway to heaven

There's a lady who's sure all that glitters is gold
And she's buying a stairway to heaven
And when she gets there she knows if the stores are closed
With a word she can get what she came for

And she's buying a stairway to heaven, uh uh uh.

Nueces De La Parra: May Our LORD ALMIGHTY be with Barbara Canales and her Babies!

2006-06-29T20:47:00.000-07:00

Nueces De La Parra: May Our LORD ALMIGHTY be with Barbara Canales and her Babies!

GOD is watching

2006-06-24T21:54:00.000-07:00

http://abcnews.go.com/US/Legal/wireStory?id=2111209

dannoynted1: South Texas Chisme: Power stronger than blood

2006-05-14T03:15:00.000-07:00

dannoynted1: South Texas Chisme: Power stronger than blood

South Texas Chisme: Power stronger than blood

2006-03-23T19:00:00.000-08:00

South Texas Chisme: Power stronger than blood

how much money can you carry.....

2006-02-02T04:31:00.000-08:00

when you go